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      <a href="/2016/11/27/vue2-notes-4-vue-router/" title="Vue2使用笔记4--vue-router使用" itemprop="url">Vue2使用笔记4--vue-router使用</a>
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      <a href="https://godbasin.github.io" title="被删">被删</a>
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    <time datetime="2016-11-27T04:17:00.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2016-11-27</time>
    更新日期:<time datetime="2018-12-18T15:41:36.692Z" itemprop="dateModified">2018-12-18</time>
    
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			<strong class="toc-title">文章目录</strong>
		<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#vue-router2-0的变化"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">vue-router2.0的变化</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#API的修改"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">API的修改</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#路由配置"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">路由配置</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#链接（Links）"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">链接（Links）</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#参考"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">参考</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#vue-router的使用"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">vue-router的使用</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#创建新组件用于路由匹配"><span class="toc-number">2.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">创建新组件用于路由匹配</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#添加App嵌套子路由"><span class="toc-number">2.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">添加App嵌套子路由</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#使用watch监控路由变化"><span class="toc-number">2.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">使用watch监控路由变化</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#其他路由使用"><span class="toc-number">2.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">其他路由使用</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#页面最终效果"><span class="toc-number">2.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">页面最终效果</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#参考-1"><span class="toc-number">2.6.</span> <span class="toc-text">参考</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#结束语"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">结束语</span></a></li></ol>
		</div>
		
		<p>最近在使用Vue2作为项目中前端的框架，《Vue2使用笔记》系列用于记录过程中的一些使用和解决方法。<br>本文记录vue-router2的使用过程。<br><a id="more"></a></p>
<h2 id="vue-router2-0的变化"><a href="#vue-router2-0的变化" class="headerlink" title="vue-router2.0的变化"></a>vue-router2.0的变化</h2><hr>
<h3 id="API的修改"><a href="#API的修改" class="headerlink" title="API的修改"></a>API的修改</h3><ul>
<li><code>router.go()</code>改为<code>router.push()</code>，使用<code>$router.push()</code></li>
<li>新增<code>router.back()</code>、<code>router.forward()</code></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="路由配置"><a href="#路由配置" class="headerlink" title="路由配置"></a>路由配置</h3><ul>
<li>所有路由配置都通过一个单独的对象传到Router的构造函数</li>
<li>路由配置现在用数组而不是用对象哈希表来作为数据结构</li>
<li>作废了一些配置项，修改了一些配置项，具体参考<a href="https://github.com/vuejs/vue-router/blob/43183911dedfbb30ebacccf2d76ced74d998448a/flow/declarations.js#L8-L16" target="_blank" rel="external">可用配置选项</a></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="链接（Links）"><a href="#链接（Links）" class="headerlink" title="链接（Links）"></a>链接（Links）</h3><p>v-link指令已经被<router-link>组件替代. 这个组件接受以下属性参数:</router-link></p>
<ul>
<li>to : 一个路径字符串, 或者一个对象location descriptor</li>
<li>tag : 渲染成的html元素类型，默认是<a></a></li>
<li>exact : 用于控制当前激活项的行为</li>
<li>append : 控制相对链接路径的追加方式</li>
<li>replace : 替代而不是作为历史条目压榨</li>
<li>active-class : 当链接项激活时增加的CSS样式</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="参考"><a href="#参考" class="headerlink" title="参考"></a>参考</h3><p>还有一些本骚年暂时没有用到的变化，如滚动行为（Scroll Behavior）等。<br><a href="https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000006623100?utm_source=tuicool&amp;utm_medium=referral" target="_blank" rel="external">《vue-router 2.0 改变的内容》</a><br><a href="http://router.vuejs.org/zh-cn/index.html" target="_blank" rel="external">vue-router 2官方文档</a></p>
<h2 id="vue-router的使用"><a href="#vue-router的使用" class="headerlink" title="vue-router的使用"></a>vue-router的使用</h2><hr>
<p>这里我们简单创建一个嵌套路由，结合之前路由相关描述下vue-router的使用。</p>
<h3 id="创建新组件用于路由匹配"><a href="#创建新组件用于路由匹配" class="headerlink" title="创建新组件用于路由匹配"></a>创建新组件用于路由匹配</h3><p>这里本骚年添加几个文件：</p>
<ul>
<li>Services.vue：用于服务列表展示</li>
<li>ServiceAdd.vue：用于服务创建或修改</li>
<li>Logs.vue：用于日志列表展示</li>
</ul>
<p>本节我们主要讲述路由的使用，故这些组件都使用最简单的模板表示不同组件。<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">&lt;template&gt;</div><div class="line">  &lt;div&gt;Services组件&lt;/div&gt;</div><div class="line">&lt;/template&gt;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">&lt;script&gt;</div><div class="line">    export default &#123;</div><div class="line">        name: &apos;Sevices&apos;</div><div class="line">    &#125;</div><div class="line">&lt;/script&gt;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="添加App嵌套子路由"><a href="#添加App嵌套子路由" class="headerlink" title="添加App嵌套子路由"></a>添加App嵌套子路由</h3><p>应用界面通常由多层嵌套的组件组合而成，URL中各段动态路径也按某种结构对应嵌套的各层组件。<br>接下来我们在main.js中定义嵌套子路由。</p>
<ul>
<li>导入组件</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> Services <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'./components/Services'</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> ServiceAdd <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'./components/ServiceAdd'</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> Logs <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'./components/Logs'</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>设置路由<br>要在嵌套的出口中渲染组件，需要在VueRouter的参数中使用children配置。</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div><div class="line">33</div><div class="line">34</div><div class="line">35</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> routes = [</div><div class="line">    &#123; <span class="attr">path</span>: <span class="string">'/login'</span>, <span class="attr">component</span>: Login, <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">'Login'</span> &#125;,</div><div class="line">    &#123;</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">path</span>: <span class="string">'/app'</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">component</span>: App,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">'App'</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="comment">// 设置子路由</span></div><div class="line">        children: [&#123;</div><div class="line">            <span class="comment">// 服务列表</span></div><div class="line">            path: <span class="string">'services'</span>, </div><div class="line">            <span class="attr">component</span>: Services,</div><div class="line">            <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">'Services'</span></div><div class="line">        &#125;, &#123;</div><div class="line">            <span class="comment">// 添加服务</span></div><div class="line">            path: <span class="string">'add/service'</span>, </div><div class="line">            <span class="attr">component</span>: ServiceAdd,</div><div class="line">            <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">'ServiceAdd'</span></div><div class="line">        &#125;, &#123;</div><div class="line">            <span class="comment">// 编辑服务，:id可匹配任意值，且可在组件中获取该值</span></div><div class="line">            path: <span class="string">'edit/service/:id'</span>, </div><div class="line">            <span class="attr">component</span>: ServiceAdd,</div><div class="line">            <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">'ServiceEdit'</span></div><div class="line">        &#125;, &#123;</div><div class="line">            <span class="comment">// 日志列表</span></div><div class="line">            path: <span class="string">'logs'</span>,</div><div class="line">            <span class="attr">component</span>: Logs,</div><div class="line">            <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">'Logs'</span></div><div class="line">        &#125;, &#123;</div><div class="line">            <span class="comment">// 其余路由重定向至服务列表</span></div><div class="line">            path: <span class="string">'*'</span>,</div><div class="line">            <span class="attr">redirect</span>: &#123; <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">'Services'</span> &#125;</div><div class="line">        &#125;]</div><div class="line">    &#125;,</div><div class="line">    &#123; <span class="attr">path</span>: <span class="string">'*'</span>, <span class="attr">redirect</span>: &#123; <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">'Login'</span> &#125; &#125;</div><div class="line">]</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>在App组件中添加路由模板<br>vue-router2.0中，一个被渲染组件同样可以包含自己的嵌套<router-view>。</router-view></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!--右侧内容展示--&gt;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"right_col"</span> <span class="attr">role</span>=<span class="string">"main"</span>&gt;</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">router-view</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">router-view</span>&gt;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>这时候我们的应用已经支持路由跳转了，但在我们的左侧菜单中，部分链接跳转位于一级菜单，部分位于二级菜单。<br>这里我们设定当一级菜单跳转被点亮时，自动关闭下拉菜单，接下来我们将实现这个功能。</p>
<h3 id="使用watch监控路由变化"><a href="#使用watch监控路由变化" class="headerlink" title="使用watch监控路由变化"></a>使用watch监控路由变化</h3><ul>
<li>在Sidebar组件中，添加watch来对每次路由跳转进行判断</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">watch: &#123;</div><div class="line">  $route() &#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 检查是否一级菜单链接</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">this</span>.checkMenuActived(<span class="keyword">this</span>.$route.path);</div><div class="line">  &#125;</div><div class="line">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>添加checkMenuActived方法，来控制相关实现</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">methods: &#123;</div><div class="line">  ...</div><div class="line">  checkMenuActived(path) &#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 遍历所有的一级菜单</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">this</span>.menus.forEach(<span class="function"><span class="params">item</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</div><div class="line">      <span class="comment">// 若非当前路由，则取消激活状态</span></div><div class="line">      <span class="keyword">if</span> (item.href &amp;&amp; item.href !== path) &#123;</div><div class="line">        item.class = <span class="string">''</span>;</div><div class="line">      &#125;</div><div class="line">    &#125;);</div><div class="line">  &#125;</div><div class="line">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="其他路由使用"><a href="#其他路由使用" class="headerlink" title="其他路由使用"></a>其他路由使用</h3><ul>
<li>使用<code>this.$router.push()</code>可在组件中控制路由跳转，Login组件中已实现</li>
<li>使用<code>&lt;router-link&gt;&lt;/router-link&gt;</code>可在组件模板中设定超链接进行挑战，在Sidebar组件中也已实现</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="页面最终效果"><a href="#页面最终效果" class="headerlink" title="页面最终效果"></a>页面最终效果</h3><p><img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/1E1E.tmp.png" alt="image"></p>
<h3 id="参考-1"><a href="#参考-1" class="headerlink" title="参考"></a>参考</h3><p><a href="https://vuefe.cn/guide/" target="_blank" rel="external">Vue2.0中文文档</a><br><a href="http://router.vuejs.org/zh-cn/index.html" target="_blank" rel="external">vue-router 2官方文档</a></p>
<h2 id="结束语"><a href="#结束语" class="headerlink" title="结束语"></a>结束语</h2><hr>
<p>大家是不是觉得左侧的下拉菜单实现路由跟踪特别麻烦呢，其实这也是本骚年偷了个小懒，不想改动样式代码直接使用gentelella的样式。大家也可以想一下其他的一些实现方法的呀。<br><a href="https://github.com/godbasin/godbasin.github.io/tree/blog-codes/vue2-notes/4-vue-router" target="_blank" rel="external">此处查看项目代码</a><br><a href="http://vue2-notes.godbasin.com/4-vue-router/index.html#/App" target="_blank" rel="external">此处查看页面效果</a></p>
  
		
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